The Graal technique

The arresting Graal technique was invented at Orrefors around 1916 and was extremely popular in the 1950s and 1960s. The process involves engraving the desired motif onto a custom colored glass vessel before reheating it and casing it within an outer shell of clear glass, which is then blown into the final form. The internal reflections of the clear glass refract and multiply the original design, producing an interesting optical effect. Edvin Ohrstrom,Vicke Lindstrand, and glass master Gustav Bergkvist developed Ariel glass during the late 1930s, naming it after the character in Shakespeare's Tempest. It is similar to Graal art glass with the addition of trapped air between the cased layers.

Image. Eagle Rays Graal Vase by Greg Dietrich.

More in History Of Glass

Antique Glass	Roman Gold glasses	Blowing glass
Russian glass manufacturing	Stained glass	Enameled glass
Enameled and Gilded Glass from Islamic Lands	Milchglas	Schwarzlot
Gilded glass	Colored glass	Cranberry Glass
Engraved and cut crystal — Glass from famous Czech cutters and engravers	Enameling glass	Murano glass
Incalmo glass	Millefiori glass	Pulegoso glass
Filigrana	Cameo glass	English Cameo Glass
Galle	Daum	Delatte
Muller	deVez, Mont Joye, and Pantin	Legras
Le Verre Francais	D'Argental, Richard and Arsall	Baccarat, Saint Louis, and Val Saint Lambert
D. Christian Meisenthal, Vallerysthal, and Burgun and Schverer	Schneider	Kosta, Reijmyre, and Hadeland
Marcel Goupy	Others	Pressed glas
Acid-etched glass	Crackle glass	Ice glass
Brilliant cut glass	Flashed and cased glass	Iridescent glass
Carnival glass	Tiffany	American glassmaking
Modern American glassmaking	Lalique	Bohemian glass
Riihimaen Lasi Oy glassware	Kaj Franck	The Graal technique
Textured glass	Glass as sculptural art	Vicke Lindstrand
The Zanfirico technique	Modern Italian glass	Sommerso glass
Venini	The Fazzoletto vase	Blenko glass
Dale Chihuly	Clearly optical	Kiln forming and casting
Float glass	Triplex

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